Paint sprayer



Dec. 6, 1927. 1,651,466

, H. o. NoRRls PAINT SPRAYER Filed Feb. 25, 1922 Patented Dec. I6, 1927.

' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HARVEY O. NORRIS, OF DAYTON, 01H10, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO GEORGE W. SIMONS, OF DAYTON, OHIO.

PAINT SPRAYEB.

Application led February 25, 1922. Serial No. 539,085..

My 1'nvention relates to spraying devices of the air brush type for applying paint., varnish, stain and like material, but also applicable to other purposes, as for instance the spraying of disinfectant, insectlcide or in fact, in any use wherein it is desired to distribute a liquid in a form of a fine mlst or spray.

The invention contemplates a sprayer head, wherein the liquid is discharged under the influence of compressed air or other fluid under pressure discharged through a suitable jet nozzle in close association to the discharge outlet of the liquid supply conduit whereby the liquid is entrained and discharged in nely sub-divided particles in the manner of ari atomizer. The invention further contemplates in such a sprayer device, means for independently controlling the actuating fluid under pressure and the liquid to be discharged, whereby the actuating fluid is initially discharged in4 advance of the liquid, in order to prime the nozzle to insure uniform discharge and to further remove any dust or foreign matter which may have lodged'in the nozzle, prior to the discharge of the paint or other liquid, and further provides for continuing the discharge of the actuating fluid for a short interval of time after the liquid has been arrested in order to thoroughly clear the discharge nozzle of any remainlng particles of liquid, thus leaving it empty and clean preparatory for the next period of use.

The object of the invention is to simplify the structure as well as the meansY and mode ofA operation of such spraying devices, whereby they will not only be cheapened in construction, but will be more eflicientin use, positive i'n operation, uniform in action; easily controlled and unlikely to get out of repair.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved form of control valve for both the actuating fluid andthe liquid to be discharged, and to further provide for Aenzlosing the actuating springs for such va ves. l

A further object of the invent-ion Ais to improve ad amplify the construction shown and described in my co-pending application,

v` is a longitudinal sectional view of Serial No. 478,922,116w Patent'No. 1,427,495,

of which the present application is a consembled sprayer head.

Like parts are indicated by similar charthe asaters of referencethroughout the several views. Y

While the present sprayer head may be employed in conjunction with a bottle like reservoir or container for paint or other liquid to be sprayed, as is shown in the copending applicationy referred to, it is also capable of being connected to a distantly located supply reservoir, from which the liquid is conducted to the sprayer head either under pressure orby gravity. For l certain classes of work this supply reservoir, whether of the gravity or pressure type may be of the knapsack style to be carried upon the back of the operator. The particular form of reservoir forming no part of the present invention has not been shown. l i lieu thereof, there has been shown in the accompanying drawing, a handle or hand grip portion l, preferably of tubular form, through which the compressed air and liquid supply conduits may lead, to the sprayer head. This hand grip or handle 1, is provided with a detachable cap or head portion 2, on which the sprayer device or head is mounted.

This spray head comprises a tubular barrel 4, the bore of which is medi'ally contracted or tapered at 5. The angle of this taper is quite acute in relation with the axis of the barrel 4. Screw threaded and hence adjustable upon the forward end of the s. extending Within the counter bore of the of supply.

i less viscous nature.

discharge nozzle 6 is a jet nozzle comprising an elongated hollow stem 9 terminating in a tapered or conical head 10 at one end and having at its opposite end an enlarged tapered or conical head 11, which agrees with the medial tapered contraction 5 of the barrel 4. The enlarged rearward tapered head 11 of the jet nozzle is pressed into 'iirm seating engagement in the tapered socket formed by the contraction 5 of the barrel by a threaded Collar 3. The elongated hollow stem 9 of the 4jet nozzle is thus supported in concentric spaced relation with the walls of the barrel 4 and the counter bore of the discharge nozzle 6. The tapered forward extremity 10 of the jet nozzle ex tends within the tapered portion 'of the counter-bore of the discharge nozzle 8 wherein its relation is varied by the adjustment of the dischar e nozzle. Thus by a rotary adjustment o the discharge nozzle 6, the outlet orifice 8 thereof may be brought more or less closely into proximity to the tapered head of the jet nozzle andthe relation of the tapered extremity of the jet nozzle with the tapered wall of the counterbore of such discharge nozzle corres ondingly varies. The concentric spaced re ation of the jet nozzle stem 9 within the bore of the barrel 4 adords thereabout a concentric passage 12 which communicates with the outlet orifice 8.

Extending downwardl and rearwardly from the nozzle 4 is an integral portion 13 of the spray head, having therein the conduit 14. This conduit 14 is extended beyond the spray head as at 14', passing through the cap or head 2 of the hand `grip l, where it communicates with the supply conduit 15, leading from any suitable source At the entrance of the conduit 14 into t passage 12 there has been shown an adjustable lclosure or regulating screw 17, bywhich the capacity of the conduit 14 maybe varied. By the adjustment of the screw 17, the port from the conduit 14 into the passage 12 may be opened and closed to greateror less degree. By this means the spray head is accommodated to fiuid of greater or less density or those of more or As is well known with a given pressure or expenditure of power. a greater degree of suction can be exerted through a. small orifice than through a large one. Thus with the air pressure as hereafter described, the degree of vacuum exerted through the supply conduit 14 may be varied b the adjustment of the screw 17 to enable t e feeding of liquid of different character.

The rearward orifice of the jet nozzle bore forms a valve seat for a reciprocatory needle valve 18, the point of which projects within the bore of the jet nozzle and by its forward movement reduces the inlet orifice of such jet nozzle and in its final adjustment entirely closes the same. The jet nozzle is opened by the retraction of the needle valve rearwardly. The rear end of the jet nozzle is counter-bored to form within the tapered head an enlarged rearwardly open chamber having therein a tapered seat or shoulder 19, leading to the valve seat in the end of the jet nozzle bore, and serving to guide the pointed extremity of the needle valve 18. The reciprocatory needle valve 18 is mounted in a head 20, located in the rear end of theV barrel 4 and having therein a packing gland 21. The head 20 serves to support and guide the reciprocatory needle valve 18 in its to and fro movement toward and from its seat in the end of the jet nozle 4. Adjacent to its forward end the reciprocatory needle valve 18 carries an integral collar or peripheral shoulder 22, against which bears one end of a helical actuating spring 23, surrounding the stem of the needle valve, and abutting at its rearward end upon the barrel head 21. This spring 23 normally tends to actuate the valve stem forwardly, causing its pointed forward end to enter within and seat itself in the rear end of the jet nozzle bore. There is thus formed intermediate the rear end of' the jet nozzle and the head 21, a receiving chamber 24 for actuating Huid under pressure, with which communicates the fluid pressure conduit 25. This conduit 25 extends through the integral portion 13 of the spray head and is extended as at 25 thence through the closure head or cap 2 of the hand grip or support, where it communicates with a suitable su ply hose leading from any source of supp y, such as a compresser, pump, reservoir or other analogous means. The air or other Huid under pressure supplied throu h the conduit 25 enters the concentric air ciamber 24, surrounding the valve plunger and passes thence throng the jet nozzle if the needle valve 18 is 1n retractedposition. This fluid under pressure rushes through the bore of the. jet nozzle, discharging from the pointed end thereof through the 'discharge outlet 8 of the main dischar e nozzle. This rush of air or other fluid in uces a suction or vacuum within the concentric receiving chamber 12, which is communicated through the supply conduit 14,' drawingtherethrough a supply of li uid, which is entrained with the air or ot er fluid under pressure, and discharged through the main discharge nozzle. The needle valve 18, extends rearwardly. beyond the extremity of the barrel 4 and carries a peripherally grooved 3" discharge of air under pressure to clear the collar 30, with which engages the bifur-- cated head of a short operating lever, 31, pivoted at 32 to the sprayerI head. This pivoted operating lever forms one member of a compound control member, the other member of which comprises a trigger arm 34, pivoted at 35, with its upwardly extending bifurcated end, engaging the downturned arms of the operating levers 31. The

retracting or actuating lspring 23 surroundcomprises a reciprocatory plunger, the head- 36 of which intersects the passage of the supply conduit 14, to close said passage when moved in one direction, under the influence of the spring 37. This head 36 is provided with a steml 38 ,which projects laterally through a suitable packing gland 39, beyond the head or cap 2 and into the path of movement of the tri-gger arm or lever 34. VThe valve stem v38, however, terminates in spaced relation with the trigger arm or lever 34, whereby the trigger arm 34 is capable of an initial movement independent of the stem.

V This initial movement of the trigger -arm before contacting the laterally disposed stem 38, of the liquid cut off valve, serves to oscillate the operating lever 31 to retract the needle valve 18 against the tension of its spring 23, thereby permitting a preliminary nozzle and induce the vacuum or suction within the liquid receiving chamber 12, before the cut-ofiLvalve 36 is opened. A further movement of the trigger arm 34 then depresses the valve stem 38 against the tension of the spring 37, to move the head 36 laterally out of the liquid supply passage 25. The head 36 is preferably, though not necessarily, slightly tapered, in order to insure a tight closing fit. Upon the release of the trigger arm 34, the liquid cut off valve 36 will be seated and arrest the flow of liquid to the sprayer head, before the trigger arm completes its movement. That is to say the supply of liquid will be arrested while the air valve or valve 18 for actuating Huid is still held open. As a result of this differential actuation of 'the respective valves, a final or supplemental discharge of air is effected, which insures the complete exhaustion of the chamber 12 and sprayer head nozzle, discharging any remaining particles of the liquid and leaving the head in `a clean condition preparatory to the vnext period of use.v This differential control of the respective valves also has another advantage in that it enables the operator to discharge a blast of air upon the surface to be operated upon, by partially depressing on retracting the trigger arm 34 to clean the surface by blowing away any dust, dirtor loose particles preparatoryJ to applying a liquid paint, stain or other material.

From the above description it will be apparent that there is thus provided a device of the character described possessing the particular features of advantage before enumerated as desirable, butmwhich obviously is susceptible of modification in itsl form, proportions, detail construction and arrangement of .parts without departing from the principle involved or sacrificing any of its advantages.

While in order to comply with the statute the invention has been described in language more or less specific as to structural eatures, it is to be understood that the inventionl is not limited to the specific details shown, but that the means and construction herein disclosed comprises the preferred form of several modes of putting the invention into effect and the invention is therefore claimed in any of its forms or modifications within the legitimate and valid scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

` 1-. In a sprayer head, a barrel, a. discharge nozzle at the end of said barrel, a jet nozzle locatedwithinathe barrel in Vspaced. relation with the discharge nozzle, said jet nozzle having an enlarged head forming a medial closure for the ybarrel dividing itA into a liquid receiving chamber in advance of said head and a fluid pressure receiving jchamber in the rear of said head, a screw threaded clampcollar engageable within the barrel for clamping the jet nozzle in position, said head being counter bored from the rear, a tapered seat formed within the l counterbore, a reciprocatory valve plunger, spring pressed toward said tapered seat controlling the discharge of fluidunder pressure, a guide for said valve plunger spaced rearwardly from the jet nozzle head and clamp collar, thereby affording an intermediate unobstructed chamber 'through which the plunger extends, means for retracting said valve plunger against the tension of its spring, a liquid supply conduit leading to the liquid receiving chamber in advance of the jet nozzle head and a fluidpressure supply condui-t leading to the pressure receiving chamber in the rearof said jet nozzle head.

2. Ina sprayerhead, a barrel, a discharve nozzle at the end of the barrel, a jet nozz e located within the barrel in Ispacedrelation vwith the JdischargeA nozzle,.'a tapered head 130 on said jet nozzle, the bore of said barrel being correspondingly tapered to receive said tapered head, a collar threaded Within said bore holding said head to a seat within said tapered bore, a head in the rear end ofsaid barrel, and spaced away from said jet nozzle head and collar, a reciprooatory plunger mounted in said rear barrel head, an

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 22nd day of February, A. D. 1922.

HARVEY O. NORRIS. 

